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Graves Disease

Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). It occurs when the immune system mistakenly produces antibodies that stimulate the thyroid gland to produce excessive amounts of thyroid hormones. Graves disease predominantly affects women and typically develops between the ages of 20 and 40. Common symptoms include weight loss, increased appetite, rapid or irregular heartbeat, fatigue, heat intolerance, sweating, tremors, and anxiety. The condition can also cause eye problems, known as Graves ophthalmopathy, which may result in bulging eyes, double vision, dryness, or irritation. Treatment options for Graves disease include medications to regulate thyroid hormone levels, radioactive iodine therapy to reduce thyroid function, and in some cases, surgery to remove part or all of the thyroid gland. Regular monitoring and long-term management are necessary to ensure optimal thyroid function and overall health.