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Osteopenia

Osteopenia is a condition characterized by lower than normal bone mineral density (BMD) but not severe enough to be classified as osteoporosis. It is considered a precursor to osteoporosis and indicates a decrease in bone mass, making bones more susceptible to fractures. Osteopenia often develops as a result of aging, hormonal changes, or inadequate calcium and vitamin D intake. Lifestyle modifications, such as regular weight-bearing exercises, a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, can help slow down the progression of osteopenia and reduce the risk of fractures.