Jay Campbell on GLP-1s, Hormones, and Consciousness

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Fix the foundation before hormones. Jay considers testosterone a powerful tool, but emphasizes that fundamental lifestyle changes should always come first. In my practice, hormones are layer five, after oxygenation, fuel delivery, gut and immune function, and fixing those first often improves hormones without touching them. His case for microdosing GLP-1s. Jay argues that many GLP-1 side effects come from high starting doses and fast escalation in people who haven't changed how they live. He pairs lower doses with enough protein, resistance training, and cardio, and says that combination drives lasting results. Where your peptides come from matters. Quality varies widely across compounding pharmacies and research suppliers. Jay advises asking for certificates of analysis, lot numbers, and third-party testing, and treating a price that looks too good to be true as a warning sign.

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Why You Can’t Spot Cerebral Folate Deficiency by Symptoms Alone

Symptoms don’t reveal who has the antibodies. Dr. Wells’s new study of children with vector-borne infections found that anxiety, OCD, depression, autism, and ADHD did not predict who had folate receptor autoantibodies. That is why she tests every child with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Folinic acid takes a different road into the brain. These autoantibodies can block the receptor folate normally uses to cross into the brain. Folinic acid travels on a different carrier, which is why it is the form Dr. Wells uses for cerebral folate deficiency. Dairy can keep the antibodies coming back. Dr. Wells removes all dairy for children who test positive, pointing to a small study where antibody levels rose again once dairy was reintroduced. For children with restrictive eating, she makes the change slowly and focuses on adding foods in.

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What Your Labs Leave Out: Dr. Tim Harrigan on Root-Cause Care

A standard yearly panel measures a small set of markers, and someone can feel fine while a problem builds for years. Tim prefers deeper testing that looks for patterns early, so the root cause gets addressed before it turns into a diagnosis. Testosterone matters in women too, and too much of it causes its own trouble, as Tim often sees in PCOS. In his practice, he aims to help the body find a healthy range by looking at the whole hormone pattern before focusing on any single number. Tim starts with what a person can keep doing for good, like exercise and nutrition. He adds targeted supplementation on top because he believes food alone rarely meets optimal nutrient needs given how modern farming works today.

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Why Reverse T3 Can Tell You More Than TSH (Part 2 of 3)

T4 needs more energy to enter the cell than T3. Each thyroid hormone has its own transporter, and the one for T4 is the most energy-dependent. When mitochondrial function drops, T4 uptake falls off first, which is my main reason for preferring T3 in patients with chronic illness. A high reverse T3 points to poor transport. Reverse T3 behaves much like T4 at the cell membrane, so when it runs high in the blood, I read that as T4 struggling to get into the cells too. I pair it with the free T3-to-reverse T3 ratio and, in women, sex hormone-binding globulin. Peptides and bioregulators work on a different timescale from hormones. Hormones act through receptors in the nucleus and are slow on, slow off. Most peptides act at the cell surface through secondary messengers, and bioregulators are chains of two to four amino acids with tissue-specific effects, studied mostly in Russia and still early by US standards.

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