Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a medical condition characterized by the progressive loss of bone density and deterioration of bone tissue, making bones weak, brittle, and prone to fractures. It primarily affects older individuals, particularly postmenopausal women, but can also occur in men and younger individuals due to certain factors like hormonal imbalances, vitamin deficiencies, and certain medications. Osteoporosis is often referred to as a "silent disease" because it typically progresses without noticeable symptoms until a fracture occurs. Fractures commonly occur in the hip, spine, and wrist. Risk factors for osteoporosis include age, gender, family history, certain medical conditions, low calcium and vitamin D levels, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. Prevention and management of osteoporosis involve lifestyle modifications, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, weight-bearing exercises, medications to slow bone loss, and fall prevention strategies.