Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that primarily affects the colon and rectum. It is characterized by inflammation and ulcers in the inner lining of the large intestine. The exact cause of ulcerative colitis is unknown, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors. Common symptoms include abdominal pain, persistent diarrhea (often with blood or pus), rectal bleeding, urgency to have bowel movements, weight loss, fatigue, and loss of appetite. The disease can vary in severity and may have periods of remission and flare-ups. Treatment aims to reduce inflammation, control symptoms, and prevent complications. Medications, lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and, in severe cases, surgery may be employed to manage ulcerative colitis. Regular monitoring and medical follow-up are essential to optimize long-term outcomes.