Chinese Medicine: A Unique Prescription For Parkinson

Dr. Miles Nichols

Thank you so much for having me. Dr. Kenneth, it’s an honor to be here, and I’m looking forward to sharing some information and diving in together on some of the research and strategies that can be used for people struggling with Parkinson’s.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

Dr. Miles, would you mind just taking a minute or two and kind of telling us about your background? Explain a little bit about your interests, your training, your passions, and, ultimately, how your work can help people who have Parkinson’s disease.

Dr. Miles Nichols

A little bit about my background: Growing up, I had a father who was deeply immersed in public health. He was a medical doctor. He also had a master’s in public health. He taught at the medical school. He founded a rural health office that sent mobile clinics out to help people get access to health care who didn’t have good access. He then became a state legislator and then a state senator. He started to work on policy and started to work on the level of trying to help get laws enacted and get health care to people who didn’t have access. When I was 15, I was babysitting for a friend of my sister, and I got a call. Some of those old school phones that are on the wall—that cream-colored big thing—pick it up with curly wire. It was someone from my family’s church. She said, Something’s happened. Your father’s in the hospital. You’re going to have to go away. Someone’s going to come over and take care of this. babysitting job for you. It turns out he passed on suddenly and unexpectedly, and that threw me for a loop because he had top-notch medical training. It was a surprise. That led me on a journey to first deal with my grief and work through what happened there. I go deep into meditation and mindfulness practices, yoga, tai chi, qigong, and spiritual practices, trying to understand myself and my mind. I realized that stress was a big part of what was contributing to my father. He was at the top of his game and his career, but he was dealing with a lot of stress, and I recognized I needed to understand stress a little better and work with it. Medication began with the mind. I got my undergraduate degree in psychology and contemplative psychology, a mix of Buddhist and Western psychology. But I was struggling, like in my early twenties, with chronic fatigue, brain fog, several neurologic symptoms, migraine headaches, and not understanding what was going on with my health, which led me to my journey to discover what was going on for myself. It got bad enough that I was pulled into the principal’s office, and I started to question, Can I even make my way through school? That led me to get committed to myself and figure this out. It was a long journey, but it led me to discover a variety of things going on for myself, like a thyroid problem, antibodies against cells in my stomach, a stomach infection, and multiple chronic infections. Lyme, Babesia, Bartonella, infections, mold exposure—it was an ordeal to look through it all. But through that experience, I did a lot of research and was able to find and discover a lot of valuable information that I was able to apply to my health situation to recover my own energy and neurologic function. Since then, I have become quite passionate about working with, especially with neurologic issues, clients in the clinic. I utilize both Chinese medicine and herbalism, as well as functional medicine labs, to test a lot of brain neurological antibodies and work on figuring out what the triggers are for the immune system to attack the brain. That’s become a big passion for me. I ran the Microbes and Mental Health Summit recently myself that was exploring that, and we looked at a lot of the different root causes for how and why these things occur and what to do about them for a host and variety of not only mental health conditions but neurologic issues as well. I am happy to be able to share some of what I’ve learned along the way with the viewers here today.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

Wonderful. It’s very interesting. One of the things we often talk about in our clinic is that there is an underlying biology to stress. Stress can be physical stress, whether it’s gut inflammation, gut permeability, what we call leaky gut, whether it’s a chronic infection, or even stress and inflammation that’s driven by our thoughts, feelings, and emotions. It affects us in the same way through similar pathways and hormones. It affects the immune system; it affects your mitochondria. Identifying what all of those individual triggers are is what Dr. Miles is talking about, and then understanding, Hey, not only are these triggers, but what are the things that are keeping us on that trajectory that’s important too, so that we can take control of our health and change the trajectory, whether it was what you were going through and those college years and afterward, or what our patients are going through who have Parkinson’s disease. Right. Parkinson’s disease is a big name. But what underlies that name? What are the drivers of Parkinson’s disease? Our viewers have a lot to learn from the experience that you went through because you were able to identify tools that changed your trajectory.

Dr. Miles Nichols

The underlying root causes tend to have some overlap in the neurologic world. I was looking at a research paper recently looking at gut microbiota changes in those with Parkinson’s disease. We have this gut connection. There’s this connection between infections and toxins and cross-reactive autoimmunity against brain tissue, but also changes and things like the dopamine receptor. So we see some data related to that as well. Chinese medicine has some interesting things to offer from another perspective that has a lot of similarities, overlap, and connected systems as well.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

Dr. Miles, could you tell me a little bit about Chinese medicine? I’m Western medicine trained and functional medicine trained, but there are so many different types of healers and practitioners, from allopaths and osteopaths to naturopaths, Chinese medicine, healers, acupuncturists, chiropractors, and so forth. We all have something to offer in that toolbox that leads to healing. Could you share with me what this thousand-year-old tradition is all about? When do we talk about Chinese medicine?

Dr. Miles Nichols

Yes. Chinese and Oriental medicine consists of five branches. A lot of people know about acupuncture, and they think of acupuncture, sure, but that’s only one of five branches. Acupuncture is significant. It’s important. It’s been shown in research to be helpful for neurologic conditions, pain, gut, and digestive issues. There’s one, and we can dive into that a bit. That’s one of five. There’s also herbalism and Chinese herbalism has been incredible. There is something known as materia medica. It’s a book. It’s thick. It’s full of all the things that you could imagine, not just plants and animal products and minerals, and many things that are now being used in functional medicine. For example, berberine is very popular today, and the Chinese call it coptidis. This root was used traditionally in Chinese medicine for some of the modern uses that Berberine is used for today. Coptidis is one of the richest berberine plants that we know of. There are several things also popular today, like Reiki mushrooms and cordyceps mushrooms, for immune function and for viral infections, even sometimes cancer. Those have traditional uses in Chinese medicine for similar conditions. It’s very interesting that, for thousands of years, there have been uses that are just being researched, understood, and validated today. There is research now that supports a use that has been traditional for thousands of years. There’s absolutely something very, very interesting in the field of Chinese herbalism and traditional uses that research is starting to catch up with and understand how those traditional uses have mechanisms of action that we can understand in modern medicine, and we can corroborate a lot of why and how those herbs have been used. That’s the second thing. There are three others. In addition to herbalism and acupuncture, there’s a whole system of bodywork in Chinese medicine. It’s more of a medical massage than it is a feel-good massage. But there are medical massage practices, and in traditional Chinese medicine, those include adjustments, very strong massage for injuries, and different bodywork elements. Then there’s a whole system of movement practice. Qigong is the most common Taichi and qigong. A lot of people know those names now, but there’s a whole system of what you might think of, like the physical therapy within Chinese and Oriental medicine, where specific movements are prescribed for pain conditions or even neurologic conditions. There’s some good research showing now that brain and body movements can impact the brain significantly in how the brain hemispheres talk to each other and in how the brain generates certain neurochemicals in the brain. Movement practice is also a pillar. Then, lastly, there is nutrition, and there’s a whole system of nutrition within Chinese and Oriental medicine as well. It’s a very comprehensive and sophisticated system. One of my favorite things to help people understand how sophisticated this is is that it took years and years before microscopes were invented to be able to see bacterial and viral pathogens as causes of disease. Chinese medicine was describing something called wind as a cause of disease. Now we might think about the winds, not the cause. It’s these bacteria or these viruses that are going through the air that are causing it, but if you look at the Chinese character for wind, the old character, or the original character, it’s a character for air. Inside is a character for an insect. That’s very interesting to look at.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

Yes.

Dr. Miles Nichols

They were saying that there’s this thing they’re calling wind, which is a pathogen, but the wind is air with an insect inside of it. There’s a very sophisticated understanding of some things that took a long time to scientifically prove within the Chinese medical system. That’s just a couple of tidbits about the background, the history, and the comprehensiveness of the Oriental medicine system.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

Well, that is fascinating. If I had Parkinson’s and I came to you and you gave me what I’d call the Parkinson’s prescription from a Chinese medicine perspective, do you then, and that’s, by the way, in contrast, of course, to the traditional visit, where the neurologist makes the diagnosis and then they’re treating the disease with drugs, sometimes with other modalities? But the main tool in the allopathic toolbox is the drug. But it sounds like you’re going to maybe do some acupuncture, send me home with some herbs that are going to be important for my healing process, prescribe a movement program, and maybe do some bodywork. Is that how it works? We touch on each of these areas.

Dr. Miles Nichols

Yes. Many times, there is the potential to touch on all of these areas. In our practice, if someone wants acupuncture in the office, I will give acupuncture, and so I do that, but that’s not my main focus. Many acupuncturists have that as their main focus. I will say there are some incredible results from something called scalp acupuncture with utilization in relation, particularly to neurologic conditions where needles are inserted into the scalp and stimulated in ways that I’ve seen incredible changes neurologically. And so there are different types of acupuncture, not just general acupuncture. Some specialists specialize in neurologic-focused acupuncture, where you use scalp needles that utilize certain ear points that have different effects than general body points. Good data is starting to emerge. But it’s still early data, and although we know we can certainly do a lot with pain centers, we can also do a lot with some of the motor centers. Some of the rehabilitation for people who have struggled with stroke and some of the rehabilitation for people who are struggling with Parkinson’s may greatly benefit from acupuncture. that can be a great one. I do more of a functional medicine-focused first approach with lab testing for causes, and then I’ll utilize Chinese herbals as part of the treatment in many cases, as well as sometimes some movement and our mindfulness-based practice as mind-body practices, which can include breathwork, movement practices, and meditation. Practice is interesting. If one patient has tremors, stop during meditation, but they will not last when he’s not meditating. And so it’s interesting. It gives him hope because he knows that his body can stop his tremors when his mind is in a certain state. That’s very interesting to him. So we might utilize a variety of mind-body approaches, plus nutrition supplements and medications, in the functional medicine approach that is informed by Oriental and Chinese medicine. then acupuncture could be a part of that as well.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

That’s very interesting. In our clinic, we use the term toolbox, and there are many things in the toolbox. Just like you wouldn’t use a hammer if you’re trying to turn a screw, we have to decide what the right tools are for that person. Thus, the approach to the treatment of Parkinson’s disease becomes highly individualized, and that’s in contrast to what often happens in doctor’s offices around the country and many places around the world. After five minutes with the doctor, they make the diagnosis. Here’s a drug. I had a patient not even get prescribed a drug while they were in the office. The doctor didn’t even explain anything to them and sent in a prescription by mail, and they were left to figure out what this was and what they were supposed to do with it. How is it important for them, and so forth? It sounds like we have all of these different ways that a person who comes to see you can be helped, and you’re going to dig into your toolbox and come up with the right plan for them.

Dr. Miles Nichols

Yes, and to be fair, in an insurance-based system, it’s hard to have maybe ten or 15 minutes to visit; some visits are getting pushed down to eight minutes. and people; unfortunately, doctors are being pushed to see six to eight people in an hour, which makes it hard to do anything meaningful other than make a diagnosis and write a drug prescription. I have a lot of sympathy. A lot of people who want to do more and spend more time are just trapped in a system that encourages that kind of behavior.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

I have to ask, and I know that I spend lots of time talking about functional medicine, but if you don’t mind, just for me, I have a lot of patients who do seek out acupuncture or ask me, Would acupuncture help me? Of course, you’ve explained that there are many types of acupuncture. If you don’t mind, could you just tell me a bit more about what this sort of ancient Chinese belief about acupuncture is? What is it doing from that perspective? Then, just briefly, if you can share some thoughts, what are we discovering about acupuncture from a scientific or research perspective as well?

Dr. Miles Nichols

Yes. The traditional understanding in the Eastern-based traditional Chinese medicine approach is that the body has what are called meridians, and meridians are connected with organ systems, but they’re on their own along pathways. They’re like pathways along the body. For example, the liver has a system called a meridian that goes from the bottom of the foot. It goes up the leg, it goes out, and then it goes near where the liver is as well. But there’s this sense that there are these different meridians connected with organs, and these meridians have points, what are called acupuncture points, on them. These points have different functions. There are points along the liver meridian that treat something called liver wind. Liver wind is one of the diagnoses that happen with many neurologic conditions, including Parkinson’s and post-stroke. There are several things where liver wind is thought to get trapped in the body and create tremors and problems in the brain and brain function. Someone might get diagnosed in Chinese medicine with having some liver wind, and then a point or multiple points along the liver meridian may be used to help clear that trapped wind from the body. That would be one way in which Chinese medicine might start to explain. It’s going to be a little more holistic than that. There’s also going to be a sense that there is probably some digestive issue or something called spleen deficiency or stomach issues that are going to be diagnosed together in Parkinson’s cases, many times together with a kidney deficiency. 

This is akin to adrenal dysfunction in functional medicine, or maybe even mitochondrial dysfunction, depending on the kind of kidney imbalance in Chinese medicine. There are parallels that we can draw here often blood stasis is diagnosed as well, which you could think of as vascular issues and maybe issues with VEGF, or vascular endothelial growth factor, in the Western medicine perspective. One of the things that I find brilliant in these Chinese medicine descriptions is that there are things that can be described in Chinese medicine in a way that has metaphoric relationships and parallels that can easily, for someone who understands both languages, be understood in a Western medicine context as well, or in a functional medicine-based context as well. For example, there can be this description of something like in Chinese medicine, there may be a description of this kidney yin, which is nourishing and nurturing the body’s ability to cool itself, leading to excessive heat, which can be easily paralleled to inflammation. There can be this sense in Chinese medicine where it talks about stress leading to the liver and over-acting on the spleen leading to digestive issues. We know stress can cause digestive issues; some research on the Western side shows there are a lot of parallels that are interesting to draw, and the language is different between the languages, which is interesting and overlapping. When it comes to what the procedure of acupuncture is, the procedure of acupuncture utilizes these meridians and points on the meridians. You might insert a needle into kidney three, liver three, and stomach 42. So there’s different what we call point prescriptions, and these point prescriptions help to clear some of the liver wind to turn off the digestive system, turn off the adrenals and build those backup, and to help with some of the stress, the liver overacting on the spleen, maybe to move the blood into the vascular tissues. We know hypoxia and low oxygen have a relationship in Parkinson’s. In the Chinese medicine diagnosis, they might say blood stasis, and then you’re moving the blood to get that access to the tissues for oxygen to be carried there. These are the kinds of correlations that we can have. When it comes to research on what it does when you insert a needle into the skin, these are early days, but there’s something along the fascia in the body that seems to have these pathways that are not fully measurable, like a meridian in Chinese medicine, where you can say this is the exact pathway that accesses this particular organ system, but there are definitely empiric points where you can say that when you put a needle in this point, empirically constipation gets better, and then it makes sense as to why that happens. If you do look at the Chinese medicine philosophy, then some studies are called empiric point studies, and then some studies are looking at the subtle electromagnetics in the body in the fascia things that are looking at maybe these microcurrents or these electrical currents that are flowing through the body and trying to determine that perspective on it. then also maybe local to where the needle is, some localized inflammation that is very small inflammation that may be what we call hormetic inflammation that recruits some attention from the immune system to that area to bring cytokines and certain repair proteins in there. that may affect that area. It’s very clear from studies now that pain reduction is significant. The military uses regular acupuncture on evacuation planes, which has reduced opioid use by about 50%, which is fantastic for people who are injured. Some good data is showing, okay, there’s something to this, but it’s hard to pin it down. Here’s what it is.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

That is fascinating. I’m just wondering because I’m very interested in sort of narratives in medicine, and narratives tend to be very culturally linked as well. As sort of an American Chinese medicine expert, acupuncturist, and functional medicine expert, what do you have to do? Do you find yourself sort of adopting or adapting the narrative itself as you’re working with the patients so that you’re kind of bringing a more Westernized kind of belief system into this perhaps integrative Chinese medicine work that you’re doing, if that makes sense? What I understand is liver wind, for example, right? But maybe there is a different way that you might explain it to me. If I were your patient,

Dr. Miles Nichols

There’s a translation that occurs there. I tend to not use the Chinese medicine language unless someone understands that language specifically. Other than that, we have this whole perspective on diagnosis that you can think of, as it’s related to your digestive system and your nervous system. Stress is playing a role here. There’s some oxygen delivery to the brain playing a role. These are some of the areas that we’re going to treat instead of saying spleen deficiency, liver wind, and these kinds of terms. We might explain it differently. The parallels are there, though; for the people who do understand that language or are interested in that language, then I can speak to those parallels. Mostly, I just help people understand a little bit about the meaning in an easier-to-understand way for them.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

Excellent. I want to kind of segway into functional medicine a little bit. I have to tell you, I saw this piece on the news the other day where they were interviewing a gentleman who took his time to look at changes in the bacterial content of cake icing when it’s a birthday cake and a child blows out the candles. They said there’s very little bacteria until the person blows out the candles. then all kinds of oral bacteria come out in the vapor that you don’t necessarily see when someone blows out candles. Their message was that they were almost horrified by it. They’re saying, “Think twice about blowing out candles because you’re getting all these bacteria.” But I was thinking, as a functional medicine doctor, as long as they’re not sick with a cold or something like that, sort of bring it on. We’re keenly aware of this overly hygienic society that we live in, where I’m like, “Hey, you kiss your dog,” but maybe that’s just me. But that kind of brings things into wind and microbes and then thinking about functional medicine and how that applies to what we’re doing, where we’re taking this big-name diagnosis and then breaking it down and understanding why it is we get sick, how do we get sick, and what can we do to change that pattern? What is your approach?

Dr. Miles Nichols

Yes, thanks for bringing that up. It’s important to look at bacterial diversity. Studies show that Amish children who grow up with fewer allergies and asthma have far more exposure to many different kinds of bacteria in a farm setting. So there’s a lot to that and gut dysfunction bacterial genes that’s been researched and connected with so many things. Both the Chinese medicine perspective on the gut playing a role in Parkinson’s, and then we now have Western research that suggests and shows that bacterial connections are there, and we see this gut-brain relationship, we see the vagus nerve connection or the gut is sending soup to the brain via the vagus. We also see that the gut can become permeable. We can get in, we can get leaky gut or intestinal permeability, and then gram-negative bacteria can get out of the gut into the bloodstream, and they have LPS, or lipopolysaccharides, in their cell walls. That’s what we know to be an endotoxin. That endotoxin creates an inflammatory response in the body where the immune system is trying to get it out, and that creates what’s called neuroinflammation in the brain. We occasionally experience leaky guts and leaky brains. I was at another summit recently, giving a talk called Leaky Gut. Leaky Brain.  We have the blood-brain barrier that can become disrupted, and then those cytokines, those inflammatory proteins, can make their way into the brain and contribute to the development and onset of multiple different kinds of neurologic conditions. and that the Chinese medicine, the language of liver wind, and I described the wind as having that insect inside of the air that we are now seeing connections with what we call infection-induced encephalopathies, which are encephalopathy, is a term that’s a change in the function or the structure of the brain tissue. Many of these are autoimmune, where the immune system starts to attack. For example, dopamine receptors in the brain may attack glycine receptors, tubulin, or other structures in the cerebellum, which is in charge of movement, or the Perkins cells in the cerebellum, which are related to movement. We can start to see why some of these issues—these neurologic issues—are forming. If the immune system is attacking structures that are trying to regulate these functions in the body, we have a lot of data now that shows that infection, if it becomes chronic, can induce a cross-reactive autoimmune process that can attack brain tissue, structure, and function and impact brain function. So when we look at something like liver wind, and we say liver wind trapped in the body, and we understand that liver wind has this, some kind of little insect or some kind of microbe in it, and it’s getting trapped in the body, now that we’re starting to see this research, we see that a viral infection like Epstein-Barr or maybe COVID or many kinds of bacterial infections like Lyme, Babesia, or Bartonella can induce something called encephalopathy, and that can create a cross-reactive auto-immune response against the brain in those who have a genetic predisposition. that can lead to stiffness, trembling, and issues with dopamine. We can see a lot of these connections. So there’s a brilliant overlap here and where the research is, where functional medicine is getting to, and where Chinese medicine is getting to. We see this synergy between a lot of the data out there, saying gut issues, chronic inflammation, neuroinflammation, infections, toxin accumulation, and mitochondrial dysfunction are at the root of a lot of this. We can go a lot of directions with that. But that’s maybe a big-picture overview of the landscape that aligns well between functional medicine and an Oriental and Chinese medicine approach.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

Approaches that allow us to address all of these I can’t just allopathic medicine might say, Well, I’m just going to treat your mitochondria, or I’m just going to treat this infection. But in reality, we have to take approaches that recognize and embrace the fact that when there is a problem like Parkinson’s disease, there are a multitude of functional systems that are involved that become out of balance. The therapeutic approaches have to be able to address all of these systems more or less at once, such as, well, food is medicine, and food does all kinds of things for our mitochondria, for our immune system, for gut health, and so forth. If we’re going to see that change, Doctor, I know that we just have a few minutes left, and I do want to make sure that folks know how to connect with you and the things that you have to offer people with Parkinson’s. But I also wanted to ask briefly because I know this is super important. Could you just briefly explain the hormetic hypoxemia that is related to Parkinson’s disease?

Dr. Miles Nichols

Yes. Hypoxia is a mixed bag when it comes to Parkinson’s. First, hypoxia, that’s low; hypo is low; and then oxygen. When we’re looking at low levels of oxygen in the brain, that’s problematic in general. If we’re looking at chronic and significant levels of oxygen deprivation in the brain, there’s something called hypoxia-inducible factor, or HIF. It’s a transcription factor that plays an essential role in the cellular response to how low oxygen levels occur and form. Studies have found that activation of that can influence dopaminergic neuron survival. that’s critical in Parkinson’s. Now, when it comes to hormesis, this is a concept that means that a little bit of stress can create benefit, whereas a lot of that stress could create detriment. For example, weightlifting is a great example of this. If your muscles, if you just left heavy weights for hours on end, are damaged, you’re going to tear that muscle fiber apart, you’re going to damage it beyond repair, and you’re going to be injured. It’s going to be a problem. However, if you control the weight well, there will be some actual lactic acid release; maybe a little bit of muscle fiber will break down. It’s going to signal a bunch of things in the body. If you didn’t get injured, it signals things in the body that tell the body you need more muscle. So it’s going to build that muscle, and you’re going to get an increase in muscle mass if you have the building blocks, the nutritional backbone, and the essential amino acids in enough calories to do it. Your body begins to build up more muscle, so you can lift more weight later. Similar to hypoxia, while it is also very problematic and damaging to the brain and can play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s, there is what is called intermediate or intermittent hypoxia training. 

Intermittent oxygen training, or IHT for short, is a way of studying animals. For example, they’ve shown that IHT has demonstrated neuroprotective effects, specifically neuroprotective effects against dopaminergic neuron loss, and has led to improved motor function. Now, animal studies don’t translate to humans, so we have to be cautious when we’re looking at animal studies. That’s just a few of these early-day studies. However, there are also some studies on high-altitude exposure that, at least once, found that in high-altitude environments, which do create intermittent hypoxia because you have less oxygen, that was also helpful in the symptoms among people with Parkinson’s disease. This was looking at people, and whether it was looking at Parkinson’s disease or not, those low oxygen levels and high altitude may play a role. In the future, some of the mouse studies have looked at mitochondrial function improvements by putting animals in these hyperbaric oxygen chambers, which normally would increase levels, but they decrease oxygen levels to simulate high altitude and being at maybe 11,000–12,000 feet elevation. They’re seeing incredible mitochondrial benefits. 

This may be because mitochondria are in charge of making antioxidants. If we have the right amount of hormetic stress, we know that if you take something like green tea, the compound you see in this compound is oxidative, but everyone calls green tea an antioxidant because it’s a hormetic oxidative response in the body. That’s a little bit oxidative, but it makes the mitochondria make more antioxidants. You get a net antioxidative effect as a result, similar to the right controlled hypoxic training. We know certain breathing techniques, for example, will induce short-term hypoxia that will lead to greater recruitment of things like hemoglobin and the oxygen-carrying capacity in the body. We’ll see a response in greater oxygenation as a result of short-term hypoxia, just like we might expect a stronger muscle from weightlifting.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

I most like working out at altitude. Well, Dr. Miles Nichols, it has truly been a pleasure to visit with you, and you’ve piqued my interest in all of these areas from all dimensions of Chinese medicine, including acupuncture for functional medicine or hormetic hypoxemia. Tell me how I can connect with you if I’d like to learn more.

Dr. Miles Nichols

My clinic website is medicinewithheart.com, and there’s a free blog there. There is lots of information, lots of articles that come out on these kinds of topics, and other interesting information freely available on medicinewithheart.com. Also, for people who do want to find out more about working in the clinic, there’s the ability to book a call or a discovery consultation with one of the staff at my clinic, at medicinewithheart.com. That’s the best way to find out about podcast interviews, summit interviews, talks, and other information on that website. Some medicinewithheart.com is the best resource for people.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

You’ve been listening to the Parkinson’s Solutions Summit. Today’s interviewee, Dr. Miles Nichols, thank you so much for joining us. We look forward to reconnecting very soon.

Dr. Miles Nichols

Thank you so much. Dr. Kenneth. Thanks, everyone. Take care, and have a wonderful day.

Kenneth Sharlin, MD

Bye-bye now.